.theory-trigger{border:1px solid var(--accent);background:var(--accent);width:340px;max-width:100%;min-height:72px;color:var(--bg);text-align:left;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr) 22px;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:13px 18px;font-size:16px;font-weight:650;line-height:1.6;transition:background .2s,border-color .2s;display:grid}.theory-trigger:hover{background:#ff8968;border-color:#ff8968}.theory-trigger:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:4px}.theory-trigger-icon{border:1px solid;border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0;place-items:center;width:45px;height:45px;transition:background .2s;display:grid}.theory-trigger-icon svg,.theory-trigger-arrow{width:22px;height:22px}.theory-dialog{background:var(--bg);width:min(1220px,100% - 40px);max-width:none;max-height:calc(100dvh - 40px);color:var(--ink);--lightningcss-light: ;--lightningcss-dark:initial;color-scheme:dark;overscroll-behavior:contain;border:1px solid #ffffff38;padding:0;overflow:auto}.theory-dialog::backdrop{-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(6px);backdrop-filter:blur(6px);background:#000c}.theory-topbar{z-index:2;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:#141411;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:20px;padding:12px 32px;display:flex;position:sticky;top:0}.theory-topbar .eyebrow{letter-spacing:.06em;font-size:12px}.theory-topbar .close{flex-shrink:0}.theory-body{padding:36px 40px 30px}.theory-load-state{min-height:220px}.theory-load-state h2{font-size:clamp(24px,4vw,36px);line-height:1.35}.theory-load-state output{margin:20px 0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.7;display:block}.theory-retry{border:1px solid var(--accent);min-height:48px;color:var(--ink);background:0 0;padding:10px 20px;font-size:16px}.theory-retry:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}.theory-index{font-family:var(--font-technical);letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.7}.theory-intro{padding:0 0 38px}.theory-intro h2{letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:15px 0 20px;font-size:clamp(32px,3.5vw,48px);font-weight:650;line-height:1.3}.theory-intro h2>span{display:block}.theory-accent{color:var(--accent)}.theory-intro>p:last-child{color:#c1c0b5;max-width:720px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.85}.theory-visuals{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.85fr) minmax(0,1.2fr);gap:26px;display:grid}.theory-circuit,.theory-wave{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#1b1c17;min-width:0;padding:25px}.theory-visuals h3{letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:10px 0 22px;font-size:24px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4}.bridge-diagram{margin:38px 0 30px;padding:0 8px}.dc-rail{background:#74796a;height:2px;margin-inline:16%;position:relative}.dc-rail>span{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--ink);font-size:14px;position:absolute;top:-25px;left:-18%}.dc-negative>span{top:8px}.bridge-legs{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.bridge-leg{flex-direction:column;align-items:center;min-width:0;display:flex}.bridge-wire{background:#74796a;width:2px;height:22px}.bridge-switch{background:#24271e;border:1px solid #8b8e7c;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:3px;width:60px;padding:6px;line-height:1.3;display:flex}.bridge-switch>span{letter-spacing:.04em;color:#c0c2b3;font-size:11px}.bridge-switch strong{font-family:var(--font-technical);font-size:20px;font-weight:500}.bridge-switch sub{font-size:12px}.bridge-junction{background:#74796a;width:2px;height:52px;position:relative}.bridge-junction i{background:var(--accent);border-radius:50%;width:8px;height:8px;position:absolute;top:23px;left:-3px}.bridge-junction>span{color:var(--accent);white-space:nowrap;font-family:var(--font-technical);font-size:14px;position:absolute;top:16px;left:9px}.bridge-output{text-align:center;color:var(--ink);padding-top:6px;font-size:15px}@media (forced-colors:active){.dc-rail,.bridge-wire,.bridge-junction{outline-offset:-1px;outline:1px solid canvastext}.bridge-junction i{border:4px solid canvastext}.basic-state-buttons button[aria-pressed=true]{text-underline-offset:.25em;text-decoration:underline}}.theory-note{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.75}.theory-circuit>.theory-note{text-align:center}.phase-legend{font-family:var(--font-technical);align-items:center;gap:22px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;display:flex}.phase-legend>span{align-items:center;gap:7px;display:flex}.phase-legend i{border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0;width:7px;height:7px}.phase-legend small{color:#b6b6a8;font-size:12px}.phase-plot{width:100%;height:auto;margin:20px 0 16px;display:block;overflow:visible}.phase-plot text{font-family:var(--font-technical);fill:#b6b6a8;font-size:18px}.plot-grid{stroke:#ffffff20;stroke-width:1px}.phase-cursor{stroke:#e7e7da;stroke-dasharray:4 5;stroke-width:1px}.angle-heading{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.65;display:flex}.angle-heading label{color:#d3d2c6}.angle-heading output{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--accent);white-space:nowrap;font-size:23px}#theory-angle{box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;width:100%;height:36px;accent-color:var(--accent);background:0 0;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0;display:block}#theory-angle:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}.phase-duties{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin-top:26px;display:grid}.phase-duties>div{min-width:0}.phase-duties>div>span{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:#b6b6a8;font-size:13px}.phase-duties output{font-family:var(--font-technical);white-space:nowrap;font-size:27px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.6;display:block}.phase-duties output small{color:#b6b6a8;margin-left:3px;font-size:15px}.duty-track{background:#ffffff20;height:3px;margin-top:7px}.duty-track i{height:100%;display:block}.theory-chart-note{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:22px;padding-top:18px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8}.theory-voltage{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:28px 0;display:flex}.theory-voltage p{margin-top:5px;font-size:17px}.theory-equation{font-family:var(--font-technical);white-space:nowrap;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;gap:7px;font-size:22px;line-height:1.6;display:flex}.theory-equation output{color:var(--accent);font-size:28px}.theory-equation sub{font-size:.6em}.theory-principles{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:30px;padding:32px 0;display:grid}.theory-principles h3{letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:12px 0;font-size:21px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5}.theory-principles p{color:#b6b6a8;font-size:17px;line-height:1.85}.theory-assumptions{border-block:1px solid var(--line)}.theory-assumptions summary{cursor:pointer;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:19px 0;font-size:17px;font-weight:550;list-style:none;display:flex}.theory-assumptions summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.theory-assumptions summary>span{color:var(--accent);font-size:22px}.theory-assumptions>div{max-width:860px;padding:0 0 24px}.theory-assumptions p{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:14px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}.theory-assumptions .model-equations{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--ink);font-size:19px;line-height:1.8}.theory-sources{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 26px;margin-top:18px;display:flex}.theory-sources a{color:#c1c0b5;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:14px;min-height:44px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;display:flex}.theory-sources a:hover{color:var(--accent)}@media (max-width:1000px){.theory-visuals{grid-template-columns:1fr}.theory-circuit{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;column-gap:28px;display:grid}.theory-circuit>.theory-index,.theory-circuit>h3{grid-column:1}.bridge-diagram{grid-area:1/2/5;margin:28px 0 32px}.theory-circuit .bridge-output,.theory-circuit>.theory-note{text-align:left;grid-column:1}.theory-principles{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.theory-principles h3{margin-block:8px}.theory-voltage{align-items:flex-start}.theory-equation{font-size:19px}.theory-body{padding:30px}.theory-sources{gap:8px 20px}}@media (max-width:600px){.theory-trigger{gap:9px;width:100%;padding:12px;font-size:15px}.theory-trigger-icon{width:39px;height:39px}.theory-dialog{width:calc(100% - 16px);max-height:calc(100dvh - 16px)}.theory-topbar{gap:12px;padding:8px 16px}.theory-topbar .eyebrow{letter-spacing:.025em;font-size:10px}.theory-body{padding:24px 18px}.theory-intro{padding-bottom:28px}.theory-intro h2{margin-block:13px 16px;font-size:29px;line-height:1.4}.theory-intro>p:last-child{font-size:17px}.theory-circuit{display:block}.theory-circuit,.theory-wave{padding:20px 16px}.theory-visuals{gap:18px}.theory-visuals h3{font-size:22px}.bridge-diagram{max-width:350px;margin:35px auto}.theory-circuit .bridge-output,.theory-circuit>.theory-note{text-align:center}.phase-legend{gap:14px;font-size:13px}.phase-legend small{font-size:11px}.phase-plot{margin-top:20px}.phase-plot text{font-size:21px}.angle-heading{font-size:14px}.angle-heading output{font-size:21px}.phase-duties{gap:12px;margin-top:20px}.phase-duties output{font-size:24px}.phase-duties output small{font-size:13px}.theory-voltage{padding-block:24px;display:block}.theory-equation{align-items:flex-start;margin-top:17px;font-size:18px}.theory-equation output{font-size:25px}.theory-principles{padding-block:26px}.theory-principles h3{font-size:21px}.theory-principles p{font-size:17px}.theory-sources{gap:4px;display:grid}.theory-sources a{font-size:13px}.theory-assumptions .model-equations{font-size:17px}}@media (max-width:360px){.theory-intro h2{font-size:26px}.theory-visuals h3{font-size:20px}.theory-body{padding-inline:14px}.theory-circuit,.theory-wave{padding-inline:13px}.bridge-switch{width:51px}.phase-legend{gap:10px}.phase-duties output{font-size:22px}.theory-trigger{font-size:14px}.theory-trigger-icon{width:35px;height:35px}}@media (max-width:600px){.phase-plot text{font-size:32px}.phase-plot g text{dominant-baseline:middle;transform:translate(10px,-5px)}.phase-plot>text:first-of-type{text-anchor:start}.phase-plot>text:last-of-type{text-anchor:end}.phase-plot path{vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke}}.theory-assumptions summary>span{flex-shrink:0;place-items:center;width:24px;height:24px;font-size:0;line-height:1;display:grid}.theory-assumptions summary>span:before{content:"+";font-size:22px}.theory-assumptions[open] summary>span{transform:none}.theory-assumptions[open] summary>span:before{content:"−"}.basic-section{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-width:0;padding:34px 0}.basic-section h3{letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:10px 0 16px;font-size:clamp(23px,2.4vw,29px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.45}.basic-section>p:not(.theory-index),.basic-current>div>p:not(.theory-index){color:#c1c0b5;font-size:17px;line-height:1.85}.basic-voltage-cards{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin-top:24px;display:grid}.basic-voltage-cards article,.basic-limit-cards article{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#1b1c17;min-width:0;padding:22px 20px}.basic-section h4{color:#d4d5c7;margin:0 0 18px;font-size:16px;font-weight:550;line-height:1.65}.basic-voltage-cards article>p:last-child{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:15px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}.basic-formula{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--ink);overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-size:18px;line-height:1.8}.basic-formula sub,.basic-voltage-cards output sub,.basic-limit-cards strong sub{font-size:.65em}.basic-voltage-cards output,.basic-limit-cards strong{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--accent);margin-top:10px;font-size:30px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.5;display:block}.basic-voltage-cards output small,.basic-limit-cards strong small{color:#c1c0b5;font-size:18px}.basic-section .basic-caption{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:14px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.75;display:block}.basic-section .basic-definition{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:18px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}.basic-state-buttons{grid-template-columns:repeat(8,minmax(0,1fr));gap:9px;margin-top:24px;display:grid}.basic-state-buttons button{min-width:0;min-height:66px;color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-technical);cursor:pointer;background:#1b1c17;border:1px solid #6b7062;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:2px;padding:8px 4px;font-size:19px;line-height:1.4;display:flex}.basic-state-buttons button span{letter-spacing:.08em;color:#b6b6a8;font-size:10px}.basic-state-buttons button[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--accent);background:var(--accent);color:#141411}.basic-state-buttons button[aria-pressed=true] span{color:#141411}.basic-state-buttons button:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:3px}.basic-state-result{border-left:3px solid var(--accent);background:#1b1c17;margin-top:18px;padding:22px 24px}.basic-state-result>p{color:#c1c0b5;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:14px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex}.basic-state-result>p strong{font-family:var(--font-technical);color:var(--ink);font-size:25px;font-weight:500}.basic-line-values{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin:18px 0 0;display:grid}.basic-line-values>div{font-family:var(--font-technical);align-items:center;gap:12px;display:flex}.basic-line-values dt{color:#b6b6a8;font-size:17px}.basic-line-values dd{color:var(--accent);margin:0;font-size:26px}.basic-current{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:16px 30px;display:grid}.basic-current>.basic-definition{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:0}.basic-current-model{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#1b1c17;padding:24px}.basic-current-model .basic-formula{color:var(--ink);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 9px;font-size:21px;display:flex}.basic-current-model .basic-formula span{white-space:nowrap}.basic-current-model>p:last-child{color:#b6b6a8;margin-top:17px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.85}.basic-limit-cards{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px;margin-top:24px;display:grid}.basic-limit-track{background:#ffffff20;height:5px;margin-top:19px}.basic-limit-track i{background:var(--accent);height:100%;display:block}@media (max-width:1000px){.basic-voltage-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.basic-voltage-cards article{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:8px 20px;display:grid}.basic-voltage-cards h4{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:3px}.basic-voltage-cards output{grid-area:2/2;margin-top:0;font-size:26px}.basic-voltage-cards article>p:last-child{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:4px}.basic-current{grid-template-columns:1fr}.basic-current-model .basic-formula{font-size:22px}.basic-limit-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}}@media (max-width:600px){.basic-section{padding-block:28px}.basic-section h3{font-size:23px}.basic-voltage-cards article{padding:20px 16px;display:block}.basic-voltage-cards h4{margin-bottom:12px}.basic-voltage-cards output{margin-top:9px;font-size:28px}.basic-voltage-cards article>p:last-child{margin-top:12px}.basic-state-buttons{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:8px}.basic-state-result{padding:18px 16px}.basic-line-values{gap:10px}.basic-line-values>div{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:4px}.basic-current-model{padding:20px 16px}.basic-current-model .basic-formula{font-size:20px}.basic-limit-cards article{padding:20px 16px}.basic-limit-cards .basic-formula{font-size:17px}.basic-section .basic-definition{font-size:15px}.basic-section .theory-index{letter-spacing:.025em;font-size:11px}}
